Polyamide, nquag hu ua nylon, yog ib lub tsib qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nrog cov zis ntau tshaj plaws, feem ntau cov qauv thiab ntau yam muaj ntau yam. Niaj hnub no, cia saib lub keeb kwm ntawm nylon txoj kev loj hlob thiab saib txog kev tsim cov khoom sib txawv ntawm polyamide rau ze li ntawm 100 xyoo (nrog cov ntaub nylon txawv).
1927
Stiming (CMASti-ne), tus thawj coj ntawm DuPont lub chaw faib tshuaj, xav txog kev tshawb fawb ntau hauv organic chemistry kom lub tuam txhab kev txhim kho yav tom ntej. Dr. Carrousus, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm Harvard University tau ob xyoos (WallaceH.Carothers), 1896-1937) tau yaum kom koom nrog DuPont.
Xyoo 1928
DuPont tau tsim lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Chemistry, thiab Dr. Carothers, 32, tau ntiav ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub Department of Organic Chemistry. Nws tuav cov kev tshawb fawb siv cov kev siv polycondensation los nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv siab nyhav, thiab thaum kawg pom ib qho loj polymer uas tuaj yeem ua txias rau cov fibers. Dr. Carothers tsuas yog siv ntau hom amino acids, dibasic acids thiab diamines kom coj los ua ke cov hlwv polyamides.
Lub Ob Hlis 28, 1935
Nws ua tus polymer ntawm adipic acid thiab hexamethylene diamine. Vim hais tias ob qho tib si ntawm lub ntsiab yam muaj 6 carbon atoms, uas yog tom qab ntawd hu ua polyamide 66 (los yog nylon 66), nws yaj lub polymer. Tom qab muab extruded los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, nws ncav mus rau hauv ib lub fiber ntau hauv nro. Qhov no fiber ntau thiab polyamide 66 fiber ntau luam tawm hauv 1937 (USP 2,130948) P1.
Xyoo 1937
PSchack ntawm IGFarben pom tias e-caprolactam polymerization tuaj yeem nqa ntawm cov dej kom tsim polyamide 6 (lossis nylon 6). Lub tuam txhab tsim tawm raws li qhov kev pom no, nyob rau hauv lub npe "Perlon".
Xyoo 1939
DuPont ua tiav industrialization. Lub Kaum Hli 24 ntawm tib lub xyoo, cov duab hauv qab no qhia tau hais tias qhov muag muag ntawm nylon silk stockings ntawm lub tsev hauv paus ntawm lub tuam txhab. Los ntawm Tsib Hlis Ntuj 1940, cov ntaub ntuab nylon fiber ntau muag thoob plaws Tebchaws Meskas.
Xyoo 1942
BASF tsim lub tshuab fais fab ntawm cov nylon 6, tab sis txoj kev tsim muaj ntau lawm tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob. Tom qab tsim tau, nws yog lub npe hu ua Nylon, uas yog thawj cov hluavtaws ua hluav taws xob los ua industrialized. DuPont txoj kev loj hlob ntawm nylon daim ntawv thov yog feem ntau fiber ntau.
Xyoo 1945
Lub nylon kev lag luam tau hloov mus rau hauv kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam, xws li kev tsim vaj tse, aircraft log, qaum ntaub, ua tub rog khaub ncaws thiab lwm yam khoom siv tub rog. Vim nylon muaj ntau yam zoo thiab siv ntau-ntau, nws tsim muaj sai sai tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob thiab ua ib qho ntawm peb lub cev hluavtaws, nrog rau cov ris tsho, khaub ncaws, ntaub pua plag, nuv ntses thiab lwm yam.
Ntawm lawv, thaum Lub Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 2, Nyiv Nyaj tau raug tsim los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm DuPont, thiab tsim muaj kev sib koom tes tshawb fawb ntawm cov tub rog, cov tuam txhab thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv coj mus sim rau cov nylon 6.
Tab sis raug tsim industrial ntau kuj pib ntawm 1951 los ntawm Toray (tam sim no Toray). Tsom ntsoov rau kev siv nylon fiber, nws tau tsim sai tom qab tsov rog, tab sis nws twb tau tsim lig raws li lub tshuab yas engineering.
Lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 2, Tebchaws Asmeskas siv nylon li ntaub xaim npog khoom, kab hlau thiab ob peb yam khoom siv, tiam sis kev tsim cov khoom yas raws li kev txhaj tshuaj moulded tsis pib txog 1950.